The Workplace Learning Blog

Thursday, 27 August 2009

Curing a sick workplace: Coffee & cake, or onions?

In previous postings ('Is your workplace sick?' and 'Symptoms of sick workplace') we discussed how a workplace can become unhealthy and unproductive. We also considered various workplace ‘symptoms’, such as Occupational Health and Safety incidents, accidents and ‘near misses’; high levels of staff turn-over, or absenteeism. These symptoms can indicate that a workplace has problems.

So if we can identify the symptoms of a sick workplace can we provide the cure? Sure, but it’s important to remember that something is causing these symptoms. We need to get beyond the symptom to the cause of the problem. The right ‘medicine’ for any given workplace will depend upon the true nature of the problem.

Some time ago, one of our consultants told us about the frustrations he was having in a client’s workplace. There was constant tension and bickering within the workplace. It seemed few of the issues were really serious, but there were petty squabbles and arguments between workers almost every day. The poor communication was eroding goodwill and there was little cooperation between the work-teams. The symptoms of this workplace dis-ease were problems with product quality, failure to meet delivery deadlines and ultimately, dissatisfied customers!


Our consultant was visiting the site every week. He began to bring cake to the morning coffee breaks. He encouraged shopfloor operators and their team leaders to get together over coffee and cake and talk about their issues and concerns. Through group discussions and separate one-to-one conversations, both on and off-the-job, he identified key issues. He also began to see that the key people involved had different understandings of the production process and what was required. After several weeks of informal investigation and coffee and cake conversations, he brought all of the key players together at the same table. He explained to them what was happening, what he had learned, and how he perceived the situation. “You guys need to talk about this stuff and sort out these misunderstandings,” he said. ”I can’t keep buying cake forever!”

It would be nice if coffee and cake could cure all our workplace problems—but that’s unlikely unless the conversations get to the real cause of the problems. “What’s really going on here?” can be a useful question. Finding the cure for workplace ills involves sussing out the causes beneath the symptoms and surface appearances. What’s really going on is often quite different to what appears to be happening. Root Cause Analysis may be needed to get to the bottom of things and really understand the cause(s) of problems.

Most workplaces are a bit like onions—there are several layers, one inside the other. Peeling away the layers can reveal misunderstandings, communication difficulties, people not really listening, workers learning (but sometimes learning the wrong things), and relationships which need maintenance and/or repair. Peeling the layers can also reveal everyday work practices causing waste. There may be waste of time, materials, energy and effort. There may be all of the Seven Wastes commonly found in workplaces, but they are overlooked or accepted because they’re ‘normal’.

So finding the right approach might involve coffee, cake and peeling onions! There are multiple layers and points of view to be explored. Without proper ‘diagnosis’ and understanding of the root causes of problems, we are unlikely to come up with a permanent ‘cure’ or sustainable solutions.

Dr Peter Waterhouse
Work Doctor at Workplace Learning Initiatives Pty Ltd


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Wednesday, 3 June 2009

Symptoms of a 'sick' workplace

In a previous posting we referred to the idea that a workplace can be sick—a bit like a person. Like a sick person, it is sometimes possible for the workplace not to know that it is sick; or to not appreciate fully how sick it really is. However ignorance is not protection (the way wellness is). Unless problems are identified and addressed things tend to get worse and a chronically sick workplace will ‘die’; probably sooner rather than later.

So can we identify the symptoms of a sick workplace? In our experience the indicators vary. They will depend upon the enterprise, its business and its sickness. Every business is different. However there are some things to look for:

A high level of Occupational Health and Safety incidents, accidents or ‘near misses’ may be an indication of a workplace which is not only unsafe or unhealthy for its employees, but is also not functioning effectively. This condition may be reflected in high insurance premiums for the business and costs considerably higher than they would be if effective OH&S policies, procedures and practices were implemented and followed.

A culture of blaming is another good indicator of an unhealthy work environment. Every workplace has its share of problems; things do go wrong, unexpected things do happen. However in an unhealthy workplace the problems are always someone else’s fault. Management blames the shopfloor and vice-versa; or it’s the engineer’s fault, or the supplier’s fault, or the plant and equipment is not up to scratch, or the customer is to blame! It’s always someone, or something else! Blaming others is not an effective way to solve problems. As long as we continue to blame someone else, we’ll never be able to see the real cause of the problem and nothing will get better.

High levels of absenteeism are another indicator that there may be problems in the workplace. People don’t want to be there unless they absolutely have to be, so they find ‘excuses’ to be unavailable. ‘Sickies’ become the ‘norm’ and the workplace—and everyone else who is still present—has to suffer.

High levels of staff turn-over, ‘churn’ and ‘burn-out’ can reflect a similar story. Some unhealthy workplaces find it almost impossible to attract and retain people. When they do get good people they don’t stay. Managers may complain chronically that job applicants and employees are not ‘up to standard’. However they fail to critically consider their own expectations and the extent to which the work, the workplace and the systems might be part of the problem.

Déjà vu, or the ‘here we go again’ experience, can be another indicator that things are not as they should be. Mistakes are made in strong, healthy, productive workplaces just as they are in unhealthy workplaces. The difference is that sick workplaces keep making the same or similar mistakes. They don’t learn from their mistakes. In a healthy workplace mistakes become a valued source for learning and people move on, improving their practice on the basis of their learning.

Living and working in a constant state of ‘crisis’ can be another useful indicator. Crisis conditions usually involve a high level of stress, anxiety and urgency. Sometimes, even if this is uncomfortable, it can be useful. However to be in a constant state of crisis is unhealthy, for people, and for workplaces.

Do you recognise any of these key symptoms? Can you identify other signs or symptoms of an unhealthy work environment? We are not claiming a comprehensive list here–just some points to consider. We look forward to hearing from you.

Peter Waterhouse & Peter Hancock


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Wednesday, 20 May 2009

Is your workplace sick?

Is your workplace ‘sick’? We don’t mean sick the way some young people might say new music, or clothes, or a film is sick—meaning that it is unusual and different, but also trendy, cool and highly desirable.

No, we mean is your workplace sick the way we (human beings) sometimes get sick.

When we’re sick we are unwell, we’re not functioning properly; we’re not ‘firing on all cylinders’. So we can’t perform the way we’d like to—things don’t happen the way we expect them to happen. Sometimes there’s an ache, or a pain that’s quite specific. This gives us a clue to where something is wrong. At other times it’s not so obvious, the symptoms may be many, subtle, indirect, or variable; but we still know something’s not right. Being unwell can be mildly irritating, or it can be completely disabling. It can be frustrating, it can slow you down; or it can stop you in your tracks. Being unwell can make some things difficult but others absolutely impossible. It can be demoralizing and in some cases it can lead to people giving up altogether.
picture of an unhealthy workplace
In our experience all of these symptoms can also be found in sick workplaces. Unhealthy workplaces don’t function very effectively. They’re bad for people and they’re bad for profits. A workplace can be seriously sick—or just a little off-color. Either way there is room for improvement.

However in most workplaces it’s the people (a person or group of people, you know, “Them!”) who get the blame. It’s rare that anyone really stops to ask; ‘What’s wrong with this place? Why do these things keep happening? Does it have to be like this? Could it be different – could it be better? Why can’t we fix this?’

Sometimes when we’re sick we go to the doctor. Most times we can get well again. But there aren’t too many doctors who can ‘diagnose’ and ‘cure’ an unhealthy workplace. There are some specialists in universities and high-powered consulting firms who know about these things. However they tend to be expensive, not very accessible; and they talk a language which is difficult to understand. These, ‘specialists’ often have their own formula, or ‘model’. They want the client organisation to conform to their model, the one-right-way a business should be structured and run. But we know the variations are almost limitless and that there isn’t one-right-way to do most things.

That’s why we are starting this blog. We are not in an Ivory Tower (or a glass tower either) and hopefully we’re talking in plain language. We want to connect with people in workplaces who are interested in these issues. In particular we want to talk with managers, supervisors, team leaders and business owners who are interested in creating and sustaining ‘healthy’ workplaces. In our experience a ‘healthy’ workplace is also a happy and productive workplace. And we’re not just talking about Occupational Health & Safety here—although that’s an important part of the story; we’re talking about the well-being, productivity and performance of the workplace as a whole. We know that training isn’t always the answer (that’s why it’s only part of what we do) but we also understand that in various ways it is possible to make a difference. ‘Sick’ workplaces can become healthy and productive.

So, do you think you’re in a ‘sick’ workplace? Or were you once in a sick workplace? Did it get better? Or worse? How? What happened? Why don’t you tell us something about it? We may be able to help but even if not, others out in Blogspace will have ideas to share. We look forward to hearing from you.

Peter Waterhouse & Peter Hancock
http://www.wli.com.au/


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